Introduction to the
Hebrew Scriptures

Religious Studies 201
Saint Martin's College
Main Campus
Fall 2000


Saint Martin's College 
Humanities Division 
Department of Religious Studies 
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Campus office:  366 
Campus phone:  (360) 438-4360
Office hours:  MWF 2:00-250 PM; TR 1:00-1:50 PM 
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Description 
General Education 
Texts
Requirements 
Topics and Assignments

"The Old Testament is a story. It is an expression of the full range of human emotions from exalted or passionate love to bitterest hate. The story has been narrated and written in prose and poetry, song and hymn, liturgy and prayer; it uses allegory, humor, irony, hyperbole, and all other literary devices to convey its meaning.

"It is the story of a people-ancient Israel's history over a period of some fifteen hundred years. But it is not merely a record of the past, for as the people of Israel told and wrote the story it was continuously re-created as a commentary on the meaning of Israel and the life of its people. Although the events related took place in the centuries long before our era, the meaning Israel found in its own history has had persistent relevance to all subsequent human existence, not only to Judaism but to Islam and Christianity."

                                                    -Davie Napier, Song of the Vineyard
 

Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures studies the books of the Hebrew Scriptures (to Christians, the Old Testament) in their historical, literary, and theological dimensions, as well as the methods used by contemporary Biblical scholars to study them. In addition, since many of us relate to the Bible as "our story," the course is designed to explore the contemporary cultural, theological, and personal implications of these ancient writings.

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General Education

This course qualifies for general education credit at Saint Martin's College.  The aims and objectives of general education at Saint Martin's College include the goal that "Saint Martin's College graduates will have an understanding of religious and philosophical concepts and principles, and of the moral and ethical questions they will face in society and the professions."  In this course, we will have several goals, including the acquisition of some exact knowledge about several of the religions of the world, a focus on the central or controlling concepts of those religions, the ability to communicate and to enter into dialog with persons of other faiths, and perhaps a better understanding of the "religious" dimension of our own lives, however we define it. 

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Texts

  • W. Lee Humphreys, Crisis and Story: Introduction to the Old Testament, Second Edition (Mountain View, CA: Mayfield, 1990). ISBN 0-87484-934-9.
  • In addition, the student will need a modern translation of the Bible. Dated versions, like the King James Version, and paraphrases, like the Living Bible, are not acceptable. The New Revised Standard Version and the New American Bible are recommended, but the student may use any Bible that fits the above qualification. Copies of the HarperCollins Study Bible, which contains the New Revised Standard Version, are available for purchase in the bookstore on an optional basis.

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Requirements

The course will include two hour-long tests, a final exam, and a paper. The tests and exam will include both short answer and discussion questions. Make-up exams will be given only in the case of what the professor deems to be compelling reasons (serious illness and true emergencies related to employment or family). Late papers will be lowered a letter grade. The paper should be eight to ten pages in length. The topic is to be selected by the student in consultation with the professor, and must be appropriate for an academic course in the study of the Hebrew Scriptures. The words and ideas of other persons must be appropriately acknowledged with endnotes or other appropriate forms of documentation (MLA style is recommended), and the paper must have a bibliography or list of works cited. Considerations in evaluation of the term paper will include the significance of the topic, the quality of the student's understanding of the topic and related issues, the clarity of the writing and presentation, the choice and evaluation of appropriate source material, and the use of appropriate forms of documentation. Violations of the College's policies on academic honesty as printed in the catalogue will lead to failure of the assignment or the course, depending upon the seriousness of the offense. The final grade will be weighted as follows: tests and paper, 20% each; final exam, 25%; class participation, 15%.

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Schedule of Topics and Assignments

Assignments for readings from the Bible, if not found below, are listed at the beginning of chapters assigned from Humphreys.

PERSPECTIVES ON THE HEBREW SCRIPTURES (Aug. 30, Sept. 1, 6)

  • Introduction (Humphreys: 1-16)
  • The lay of the land
  • An overview of the Israelite story

STORY AND COVENANT: THE TRIBAL CONSTITUTION
(Sept. 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 20, 22)

  • The tribes and the land (Humphreys: 25-43)
  • The origins and structure of the story
  • The five themes (Humphreys: 33-40)
        1. patriarchal beginnings (Genesis 12-26)
        2. deliverance from bondage (Exodus 1-15)
        3. wilderness wanderings (Exodus 16-18; 32-33; Numbers 10-14; 16;20  25)
        4. covenant at Sinai (Exodus 19-24; 31:18; 34)
        5. entry into the land (Deuteronomy 34)
  • Canaanite religion and the origins of Israelite monotheism

TRADITIONS IN TRANSITION: THE ORIGINS OF THE MONARCHY
(Sept. 25, 27, 29)

  • From tribal league to monarchy (Humphreys: 47-58)
  • David and Jerusalem (Humphreys: 60-71)
  • The problem of succession (Humphreys: 91-107)
  • The split of David's kingdom

RECITATION AND WRITING: THE FORMATION OF THE PENTATEUCH
(Oct. 4, 6, 9, 11, 16, 18, 20, 23, 25)

  • Versions of the story: the problem of sources in the Pentateuch (Humphreys: 65-69)
  • The Yahwist and the Elohist (Humphreys: 73-89; 111-116; see p. 73 for scripture readings, readings on p. 111 will be covered later)
  • The Priestly writer (Humphreys: 241-251; see Bible passages from Genesis, Exodus, and Leviticus listed on p. 241)
  • Stories of creation

THE PROPHETIC VISION
(Oct. 27, 30; Nov. 1, 3, 6, 8, 13)

  • Prophets in the history of religions
  • Prophets and the covenant: Elijah (Humphreys: 116-121; 1 Kings 17-2 Kings 2)
  • Amos (Humphreys: 121-125; Amos)
  • Hosea (Humphreys: 125-130; Hosea)
  • Isaiah (Humphreys: 132-49; Isaiah 1-23; 28-39; 1 Kings 18-20)

FROM NATION TO RELIGION
(Nov. 17, 20, 22, 27, 29; Dec. 1, 4, 6)

  • Jeremiah (Humphreys: 151-167, 187-188; Jeremiah 1-20; 30-31;37)
  • The Deuteronomistic History (Humphreys: 168-175)
  • Fall and Exile (Humphreys: 179-187)
  • Second Isaiah (Humphreys: 198-217; Isaiah 40-56)
  • Wisdom and reflection ( Humphreys: 221-239; read passages from Ecclesiastes and Proverbs on p. 221; there may be a class presentation on Job)
  • Daniel and apocalyptic (Humphreys: 260-263; Daniel 7)
  • Scripture and canon (Humphreys: 335-344)
  • The Apocrypha of the Old Testament (1 Maccabees 1-4; Bel and the Dragon; Judith; see articles in the HarperCollins Bible Dictionary on Apocrypha and these three books)

DUE DATES

Hour tests: Oct. 2, Nov. 15.
Paper: Dec. 1.
Final exam: Monday, Dec. 11, 1:00-3:00 PM.
 

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